Yes, that aliexpress link could work, provided you make enough space for it. For the resistor, I think it is likely that you'll have to change the mode, but you'll need to check once you've got the part.
I realise this is quite a delayed reply, sorry!

Technically yes, but it won’t be easy as the pins are probably in different locations. There are only 4 pins on a USB micro B connector (not in order: Ground, 5V, D+, D-) and there are 24 on a USB C connector (12 different x2). If you have a way of connecting the right pins up then you can use a Dremel or another tool to make the connector fit through the hole if needed.