This method is a bit more advanced, but will fit the bill if you don't have access to another Mac. We'll be using recovery mode for this Guide, but Single User Mode would also work if your machine will not boot to Recovery.

Single User Mode can be accessed by pressed CMD + S at power on. It boots directly to a command line interface. It is not available in its legacy form on any Macs with a T2 chip, or Apple Silicon processor. Use Recovery Mode for those.

First you'll need to connect a flash drive to your Mac and boot to Recovery, or Single User Mode.

This process requires knowing the exact file path of the folder(s) you want to copy, as well as the name your flash drive uses.

If you do not know exact file paths, use the pwd, ls, and cd commands to explore your file directory. If you are not familiar with these commands, do some quick reading to get the basics.